Huygens Optics
Huygens Optics
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Gravitational Index of Refraction
Contents
0:00 Introduction
0:20 Gravitational lensing
2:35 Gravitational potential
7:37 Refraction simulations
8:37 Gravitational index of refraction
12:11 Simulating gravitational lensing using a refractive index
13:45 Spatial refractive index vs General Relativity
Erratum:
1) The gravitational constant has a missing minus sign in the exponent. The value should be 6.7x10^-11 N.M^2.kg^-2.
The idea of a Gravitational Index of Refraction is not new. Here is a reference to a recent article by D.H.W Reffer (date unknown but after 2018):
vixra.org/pdf/1903.0407v2.pdf
Links to other nice videos on Refractive index:
3Blue1Brown: ua-cam.com/video/KTzGBJPuJwM/v-deo.html
Terra Physica: ua-cam.com/video/JZ-90z8nzoI/v-deo.html
Looking Glass Universe: ua-cam.com/video/uo3ds0FVpXs/v-deo.html
Wave simulations were made using the python scrip provided by @DiffractionLimited UA-cam channel.
Link to the code download: github.com/0x23/WaveSimulator2D
Animation of the dancing quarks at the end of the video by "Arts at MIT".
Royalty free music used:
Cat Circus - Doug Maxwell
Always Remember to Never Forget - The Whole Other
Yoga style - Chris Haugen
Thanks very much for making this!
End tune: Floating - Early Birds
In the video, the simulations were sometimes paused to relieve the UA-cam compression algorithm and the viewers' eyes a bit.
Did I forget anything? Let me know and I'll set it straight.
Переглядів: 71 728

Відео

Exploring White Light Interferometry! (WLI / CSI)
Переглядів 44 тис.2 місяці тому
Creating 3D-maps of reflective surfaces using White Light Interferometry (WLI, also known as Coherence Scanning interferometry). Content: 0:00 Intro 1:43 Building a White Light Interferometer 4:39 About spatial coherence 7:11 Observing interference in white light 10:37 Broad-band radiation interference explained in detail 21:11 WLI Microscope Zygo Newview 100 explored 23:16 Measurement examples...
Imaging at ASML
Переглядів 112 тис.4 місяці тому
A visit to ASML with a deep dive into diffraction and imaging: 0:00 Intro 3:14 How big big are chip patterns nowadays? 5:00 Arriving at ASML Veldhoven 5:50 Interview Sander Blok part 1 7:40 About diffraction and image formation 9:36 Fraunhofer (far field) interference / diffraction explained 11:15 Diffraction on photolithography masks 15:11 About critical dimension 17:27 Example of computationa...
How a Lens creates an Image.
Переглядів 102 тис.5 місяців тому
Contents: 0:00 Introducing "rays" 2:14 Light is a wave 4:00 Nils reached one thousand! 4:43 Effect of Numerical Aperture 6:46 About "Critical Dimension" 7:40 Effect of NA illustrated using a microscope 10:44 Diffraction in the Double Slit Experiment 12:30 Diffraction in the Circular Slits (Fresnel Zone Plates) 14:40 Effect of central obstruction on focus 15:05 Using diffraction to create an Ima...
Optical Interferometry Part 2: Measuring Optics with a Zygo GPI LC
Переглядів 49 тис.7 місяців тому
This is the second video on optical interferometry, which is dedicated to measuring the wavefront shapes of a mirror, 2 lens assemblies and 3 microscope objectives. Contents: 00:00 Intro 02:04 Video camera upgrade 04:23 DFT-fringe software 06:57 Transmission Sphere reference calibration 12:29 Shape of a Zerodur Perkin Elmer wafer stepper mirror 14:55 Wavefront deformation of a Canon FD f/1.2 ca...
Optical Interferometry Part 1: Introduction & ZYGO GPI layout
Переглядів 119 тис.9 місяців тому
Optical Interferometry Part 1: Introduction & ZYGO GPI layout
Coherence part 3: This is not a wave.
Переглядів 81 тис.11 місяців тому
Coherence part 3: This is not a wave.
Light & Coherence part 2: Spatial Coherence (and the Double Slit Experiment)
Переглядів 43 тис.Рік тому
Light & Coherence part 2: Spatial Coherence (and the Double Slit Experiment)
Light & Coherence part 1: Temporal Coherence
Переглядів 97 тис.Рік тому
Light & Coherence part 1: Temporal Coherence
Mirror Lenses Part 2: Testing the Modulation Transfer Function.
Переглядів 87 тис.Рік тому
Mirror Lenses Part 2: Testing the Modulation Transfer Function.
Camera Mirror Lenses Part 1: Visual and Interferometric Testing
Переглядів 238 тис.Рік тому
Camera Mirror Lenses Part 1: Visual and Interferometric Testing
Bathroom Quantum Fields and Vacuum Energy
Переглядів 108 тис.Рік тому
Bathroom Quantum Fields and Vacuum Energy
Making a monolithic telescope Part 3: Figuring & Testing
Переглядів 252 тис.Рік тому
Making a monolithic telescope Part 3: Figuring & Testing
Making a Monolithic Telescope Part 2: Machining Glass
Переглядів 589 тис.2 роки тому
Making a Monolithic Telescope Part 2: Machining Glass
Making a Monolithic Telescope Part 1: Optical Design and Aspherics.
Переглядів 169 тис.2 роки тому
Making a Monolithic Telescope Part 1: Optical Design and Aspherics.
Telescope Resolution vs. Aperture and Wavelength
Переглядів 201 тис.2 роки тому
Telescope Resolution vs. Aperture and Wavelength
Why is this Space Telescope so Tiny?
Переглядів 2,1 млн2 роки тому
Why is this Space Telescope so Tiny?
Making OLED Displays
Переглядів 654 тис.2 роки тому
Making OLED Displays
How big is a visible photon?
Переглядів 714 тис.2 роки тому
How big is a visible photon?
DIY Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) using Thermal Evaporation
Переглядів 264 тис.2 роки тому
DIY Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) using Thermal Evaporation
Etching small patterns in Glass
Переглядів 214 тис.3 роки тому
Etching small patterns in Glass
Making Optical Logic Gates using Interference
Переглядів 227 тис.3 роки тому
Making Optical Logic Gates using Interference
Analog TV Equipment: R&S SFM test transmitter and CCVS video generator.
Переглядів 13 тис.3 роки тому
Analog TV Equipment: R&S SFM test transmitter and CCVS video generator.
The Real Double Slit Experiment.
Переглядів 381 тис.3 роки тому
The Real Double Slit Experiment.
Building a Small Cleanroom for Photolithography.
Переглядів 28 тис.3 роки тому
Building a Small Cleanroom for Photolithography.
Fourier Optics used for Optical Pattern Recognition
Переглядів 81 тис.3 роки тому
Fourier Optics used for Optical Pattern Recognition
Light Waves Visualized using Photon Sieves.
Переглядів 62 тис.3 роки тому
Light Waves Visualized using Photon Sieves.
Making a Mirror with a Variable Surface Shape
Переглядів 217 тис.3 роки тому
Making a Mirror with a Variable Surface Shape
Making Tiny Fresnel Lenses during a Pandemic
Переглядів 117 тис.4 роки тому
Making Tiny Fresnel Lenses during a Pandemic
Maskless Wafer Stepper Part 3: Electronics and Software.
Переглядів 22 тис.4 роки тому
Maskless Wafer Stepper Part 3: Electronics and Software.

КОМЕНТАРІ

  • @iamionscat9035
    @iamionscat9035 13 годин тому

    I watched part one about a month ago and I now can't stop watching telescope videos...

  • @mostlymessingabout
    @mostlymessingabout 16 годин тому

    Optical Porn 😂

  • @gustamanpratama3239
    @gustamanpratama3239 19 годин тому

    Can it be used for a telescope? I mean large telescopes for frontline astrophysics/cosmology studies. This technology certainly removes the problem that large refracting telescopes have, i.e. their weight, that's why virtually all large telescopes use mirrors instead of lenses.

  • @mltonsorangestapler
    @mltonsorangestapler 19 годин тому

    back to the SOURCE

  • @999titu
    @999titu 22 години тому

    I am sorry, what were you saying?

  • @eragonawesome
    @eragonawesome День тому

    Holy crap I finally understand what's vibrating to generate em waves during energy transitions!

  • @zircron45
    @zircron45 День тому

    Insanely cool demonstration

  • @heraldofdisaster3322
    @heraldofdisaster3322 День тому

    I would like to ask you something about optical flat test glasses. There are Russian or Ukrainian made optical flat glasses sold on ebay on the internet. Do you think these are worth buying? I will use them to make a telescope secondary mirror.

  • @Raycere
    @Raycere День тому

    I think you should try the Tamron sp500 mm I tnink it's way better than the others

  • @AzimutAkurat
    @AzimutAkurat День тому

    The speed of light slows down when it passes through glass, based on the reference frame outside the glass. So what happens when the reference frame moves inside the glass, does the speed of light outside the glass, become faster than "c" ?

  • @fastlandnet
    @fastlandnet День тому

    Check the corrugated exhaust pipe as it seems to me to be the pipe which is not a single casting but obtained by wrapping a strip of aluminum along the circular surface to match the corrugation. There may therefore be microscopic gaps along the outer surface of the pipe from which the toxic gas could escape.

  • @zane003
    @zane003 День тому

    Speed of sound in rubber is crazy slow. instead of infinite strings, I suggest a ring of piezoelectric actuators spaced apart by rubber. size of the ring represents size of the particle. which changes as it vibrates. the PZ are to measure longitudinal tension , and to influence it.

  • @jameshicks7125
    @jameshicks7125 2 дні тому

    Very nice! I subscribed to your channel as I am working on a planetarium projector where I need to make 32 "star plates" lithographically. Some of the pin holes are in the tens of microns. I want to approach this with direct write laser lithography by adjusting the focus of 405nm laser into a microscope lens at a fixed height over an XY stage. This should allow me to expose a photoresist on aluminized glass and make pinholes of various sizes. We'll see... I think I am going to need to come up with something similar, as the XY stage will take some time to move to the next pin hole exposure position and could gather dust in that time.

  • @nabintimalsina5628
    @nabintimalsina5628 2 дні тому

    I like watching your videos on Optics. You describe things very well.

  • @kenwallace6493
    @kenwallace6493 2 дні тому

    Top notch stuff! I never fail to be impressed. Carry on, sir!

  • @user-wj2mx4dz5g
    @user-wj2mx4dz5g 2 дні тому

    So light creates matter ok so . Why no one is talking about the photon belt? Someone out there help me on this phenomena has vanished from our knowledge.

  • @jonnyreverb
    @jonnyreverb 3 дні тому

    Super cool...

  • @fishercawkey
    @fishercawkey 3 дні тому

    I just watched a two-video lecture series on interferometry in radio-astronomy. Since both optics and radio leverage photons (at different frequencies), we would expect the physics to be the same... but it's amazing to draw the parallels in practice, especially regarding the importance of Fourier transforms.

  • @TheTrueOSSS
    @TheTrueOSSS 3 дні тому

    I always wondered what causes this phenomena. Thank you!

  • @SlavaRodionov
    @SlavaRodionov 3 дні тому

    Photon has mass

  • @vinniepeterss
    @vinniepeterss 3 дні тому

    ❤❤

  • @ramimahdi2
    @ramimahdi2 4 дні тому

    What if u have identical beam from left , can the splitter cause perfect cancellation interfernce ?

  • @ramimahdi2
    @ramimahdi2 4 дні тому

    U say packets are a result of interference of wide spectrum emission .. great !! ... But when the photo electric effect happens , only one frequency is absorbed . So how the receiving sensor had seen a single frequency packet ? 🤔 ... How about single frequency light sources too ? .. will they be seen as packets on the receiver end ?

  • @ttararin
    @ttararin 4 дні тому

    Simple and elegant!!! 👏🏻

  • @SergTTL
    @SergTTL 4 дні тому

    I almost fell off my chair in the end. Thank you.

  • @hussainali9999
    @hussainali9999 4 дні тому

    Nice informations, thanks

  • @Cyc0de
    @Cyc0de 4 дні тому

    that was really interesting, so thanks for this video! Out of curiosity - wouldn't this in theory allow to create something like a "CPU", but based on light? Basically providing already "hardcoded" functions like adding numbers, subtracting them, dividing them, etc? Would be cool to see if doing calculations that way would be way faster than doing it like we do it currently with our electronic devices or if something would prevent us from implementing such a complex pattern / "optical calculation chip".

  • @user-jy4ct2nu6d
    @user-jy4ct2nu6d 4 дні тому

    Silicon oxide is very poorly suited for such optical circuits. Beryllium fluoride or boron fluoride are the best options. because these compounds do not absorb in the visible spectrum. Borosilicate stacks also work well.

  • @blobscott
    @blobscott 5 днів тому

    Isn't this essentially how a fresnel lens works?

  • @user-jy4ct2nu6d
    @user-jy4ct2nu6d 5 днів тому

    this is a good review!!! I have already encountered similar simulations of interference of electromagnetic waves with short wavelengths. There are several unexplored aspects in this problem, namely, the materials (chemical elements) and the thickness of the crystal structures of the diffraction slits and the mask material of the photo lithographic template itself are not taken into account.

  • @marat719
    @marat719 5 днів тому

    I have lot of questions about this technology ) 1. What is difference between meta lenses and flat holograms? 2. Why are they called "meta lenses"? 3. How they are made? 4. How hard to make them big and use at practice? 5. If they are sensitive to environment, what type of disturbing they can detect more effective? 6. Is there way to make them wide band? 7. How far can they bend a rays? Can they work as prisms? 8. Whats happens if cover part of the lens? 9. What happens if place two lenses on each other and move, rotate one of them? Thank you very much in advance!

  • @jfmaster1507
    @jfmaster1507 5 днів тому

    If any of this gravitational effecr on light is true and not electromagnetic field or actual crystal lensing refraction,? How can you explain the convergence of incoming light from the moon during a paraselene? There is no powerful star between or eye and the moon..how can if still offer convergence? If you are about to offer the ice crystals in upper atmospheric phenomenon? Then i must remind you that these are only available on full moons suggesting synchronicity to the great cycle and not ice crystals..secondly..if light lensing of convergence coming in from moon? Then the opposite effect of such lensing would need be applied to our eye when looking out ..won't you agree? Lense works both ways..so? The opposite of convergeance lense in your optics studies and from observation of incoming converged light,what would your first guess on the type of geometry this lense would consist if such notion was a potential?

    • @jfmaster1507
      @jfmaster1507 5 днів тому

      I will let you discover the convex or concave paradoxical potentials for yourself and ask why since eclipse is a light beam around a apature, why the shadows center is not it's brightest instead offering the opposite similar to.vortices..secondly..when observing the eclipse in a pin hole..we observe a crescent in the hole..the pinhole is round and is filled with light demonstrating a dark observable light present in the observation ..dark light is completing the rest of the pinhole..this suggest that the moon is filtering some light into different polarization not available in the observable spectrum. Yet letting some through that is dark in observation.. like a translucent filter.. how is the moon translucent?what alternate application of optics can you think of that could reproduce this observation from light and a obstruction aperture offering the reverse arago spot of darkness? Besides vortices..?

  • @Pillowcase
    @Pillowcase 5 днів тому

    This is too cool.

  • @christophvonknobelsdorff1936
    @christophvonknobelsdorff1936 5 днів тому

    🙏

  • @crackwitz
    @crackwitz 6 днів тому

    would it be fair to say that the parts between mirror and beam splitter are standing waves?

    • @HuygensOptics
      @HuygensOptics 5 днів тому

      Yes, I guess so, If you look at the amplitude of the beams after they have reflected of the mirrors you see exactly that: a standing wave pattern.

  • @btizzlenba7705
    @btizzlenba7705 6 днів тому

    how did you create this simulation? i would love a video or any pointers as an optics student myself!

    • @HuygensOptics
      @HuygensOptics 6 днів тому

      See video description of @diffractionlimited channel videos for the link

  • @klausklaus4167
    @klausklaus4167 6 днів тому

    Intersting!

  • @dante7228
    @dante7228 6 днів тому

    How good do meta lenses perform compared with traditional ones? I saw a few videos where they were hyped, do they really have such a huge potential? I wonder what we have to expect in the next years

    • @HuygensOptics
      @HuygensOptics 5 днів тому

      @dante7228 regarding their performance, they generally do not perform on the same level as standard refractive lenses. This is partly due to their small size, part due to the fact that decoherence occurs in wide band radiation with in increasing size and part due to the intrinsic chromatic aberration. In specific applications, they can have large advantages though, because they are cheap to manufacture in bulk and in arrays and can be extremely small.

    • @dante7228
      @dante7228 5 днів тому

      @@HuygensOptics thank you so much for your answer. As an average guy it's not easy to figure out the potential impact of new technologies. I'm curious to see if any of these will appear in consumer market soon

  • @vegasu9418
    @vegasu9418 6 днів тому

    what software do you use to make the optical simulations?

    • @HuygensOptics
      @HuygensOptics 6 днів тому

      It's a python script supplied by @diffractionlimited. See the description of one of their videos on light for the link to the code.

    • @vegasu9418
      @vegasu9418 6 днів тому

      ​@@HuygensOpticsthank you so much, love your content

  • @NaderNabilart
    @NaderNabilart 6 днів тому

    great to learn about this. Are Fersnel lenses considered as a really old meta lens?

    • @HuygensOptics
      @HuygensOptics 6 днів тому

      No, the features of a real meta lens are smaller than the wavelength of the light. In a "normal" Fresnel lens the lensing is just based on refraction at macroscopic interfaces.

    • @NaderNabilart
      @NaderNabilart 6 днів тому

      @@HuygensOptics Thank you!

  • @crackwitz
    @crackwitz 6 днів тому

    Witchcraft!

  • @Afrotechmods
    @Afrotechmods 6 днів тому

    Cool!

  • @maxjansen6608
    @maxjansen6608 6 днів тому

    Extremely informative and entertaining.

  • @Muonium1
    @Muonium1 6 днів тому

    Reminds me of zone plate coded "lenses" used to form images with x-rays!

  • @ginseng_juice9829
    @ginseng_juice9829 6 днів тому

    Your videos are soooo interesting!! Wish you to introduce more various metasurfaces!!

  • @jacquesfouche8961
    @jacquesfouche8961 6 днів тому

    What about sending the photons past a slit that is only one atom thick. Like a single graphene layer?

  • @Dickusification
    @Dickusification 7 днів тому

    I remember doing this in my physics class at Uni. Always remember it. One thing I would like to see demonstrated is the observer effect causing the reversion from interference to individual photon distribution

  • @_0xUr_
    @_0xUr_ 8 днів тому

    1000 comment

  • @rezatavan5048
    @rezatavan5048 8 днів тому

    Excellent ❤❤❤

  • @egghead55425
    @egghead55425 9 днів тому

    If there is refraction, shouldn't there be reflections? Shouldn't we be able to use detected gravity frequency chirps as radar imagers?